Influence of Vertebral Bone Marrow Edema on Outcome in Non-Acute Osteoporotic Patients Treated with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PURPOSE To prospectively investigate the influence of presence of bone marrow edema (BME) in non acute osteoporotic verterbral compression fractures on postoperative clinical outcome in patients treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Although PV is widely used to treat osteoporotic collapsed vertebral compression fractures (VCF); little is known about the influence of BME in osteoporotic VCF or about its relation with relief of pain. METHODS Sixty seven patients with non acute osteoporotic verterbral compression fractures treated with PV. They were divided into edema group (56 patients with apparent vertebral BME in their magnetic resonance [MR] images), and non edema group (11 patients with no vertebral BME detected in their MR images). Pain was evaluated one week, one month, six months, and one year post procedure using visual analogue scale. Statistical analysis including a 2-tailed t test comparing postoperative data with preoperative values was done. RESULTS A good clinical response to PV procedure was seen in all patients. Significant difference was seen between two groups in one week, and one month follow up periods. Regarding pain relief in the other periods of follow up, no significant difference was seen between two groups. CONCLUSIONS PV resulted in significantly clinical improvement in patients with BME pattern than in those without in one week and one month follow up periods. But the absence of vertebral BME did not influence pain relief in patients with osteoporotic VCFs in six months, and one year post procedure.